2020考研復試：六級聽力短文精讀

你永遠不可能聽懂你讀不懂的文章，要解決聽力問題，首先需要解決閱讀問題，今天我們一起來精讀2017年六級聽力的一篇短文吧!

v 聽力原文

Psychological research shows we consistently underestimate our mental powers. If you think this does not apply to you, then here is a simple test to show you’re wrong. Write down the names of all the American states you can remember. Put the list away, and then set yourself the same task a week later. Provided you have not cheated by consulting an atlas, you will notice something rather surprising. The two lists will contain roughly the same number of states, but they will not be identical. Some names will have slipped away, but others will have replaced them. This suggests that somewhere in your mind you may well have a record of virtually every state. So it is not really your memory letting you down, just your ability to retrieve information from it.

We would remember a lot more if we had more confidence in your memories and knew how to use them properly. One useful tip is that things are more likely to be remembered if you are in exactly the same state and place as you were when you learn them. So if you are a student who always reviews over black coffee, perhaps it would be sensible to prime yourself with a cup before the exam. If possible, you should also try to learn information in the room where it is going to be tested.

When you learn is also important. Lots of people swear they can absorb new information more efficiently at some times of the day than at others. Research shows this is not just imagination. There is a biological rhythm for learning, though it affects different people in different ways. For most of us, the best plan is to take in new information in the morning and then try to consolidate it into memory during the afternoon. But this does not apply to everyone, so it is essential to establish your own rhythm. You can do this by learning a set number of lines of poetry at different times of the day, and see when most lines stick. When you have done this, try to organize your life so that the time set aside for learning coincides with the time when your memory is at its best.

Avoid learning marathons—they do not make the best use of your mind. Take plenty of breaks, because they offer a double bonus: the time off gives your mind a chance to do some preliminary consolidation and it also gives a memory boost to the learning.

v 單詞積累

1. consistently adv. 一貫地;一致地

2. underestimate v. 低估 (overestimate v. 高估)

3. provided conj. 如果;假如

4. atlas n. 地圖冊;地圖集

5. roughly adv. 大約;大致

6. identical adj. 完全同樣的

7. virtually adv. 幾乎;差不多

8. sensible adj. 明智的;理智的;合理的 (sensitive adj. 易生氣的)

9. prime adj. 主要的;首要的 / n. 盛年 / v. 使(某人)做好準備

10. absorb v. 吸收;理解;掌握

11. consolidate v. 使加強;使鞏固

12. marathon n. 馬拉松賽跑

13. preliminary adj. 初步的;開始的

v 詞組積累

1. apply to 適用于;應用于

2. slip away 悄悄溜走

3. retrieve from 取回;索回

4. biological rhythm 生物節律

5. set aside 省出;抽出

6. coincide with 符合;與……相一致

7. make the best use of 充分利用

v 全文參考翻譯

心理學研究表明，我們總是低估自己大腦的能力。如果你認為這并不適用于你，那么這里有一個簡單的測試來證明你是錯的。寫下你能記住的所有美國州的名字。把清單收起來，一周后再給自己設定同樣的任務。如果你沒有通過查閱地圖集作弊，你會注意到一些相當令人驚訝的事情。這兩個列表將包含大致相同數量的州的名字，但它們并不完全相同。有些名字會被遺忘，但有其他名字來取代他們的位置。這表明，在你的腦海中，你很可能有幾乎所有州的記錄。所以并不是你的記憶讓你失望，而是你從記憶中獲取信息的能力讓你失望。

如果我們對你的記憶有更多的信心并且知道如何正確使用它們，我們會記住更多的東西。一個有用的建議是，如果你和你在學習這件事的時候處于完全相同的狀態和位置，那么這件事就更有可能被記住。所以，如果你是一個經常喝黑咖啡復習的學生，那么在考試前喝杯咖啡來讓自己做好準備可能是明智的。如果可能的話，你也應該試著在將要測試的房間里學習。

什么時候學習也很重要。很多人發誓他們在一天中的某些時候比其他時候能更有效地掌握新信息。研究表明，這不僅僅是想象。學習是有生物節律的，盡管這個節律通過不同的方式影響不同的人。對我們大多數人來說，最好的計劃是在早上吸收新信息，然后在下午努力把它鞏固到記憶中。但這并不適用于每個人，所以建立自己的節奏很重要。你可以通過在一天的不同時間學習幾行詩來看看什么時候大多數詩都能被記下來。當你這樣做的時候，試著安排你的生活，以便留出學習的時間與你記憶最好的時候相一致。

避免學習馬拉松——它們不能充分利用你的頭腦。多休息，因為休息有雙重好處：休息能讓你的大腦有機會進行一些初步的鞏固，也能提高學習的記憶力。